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全面推进课程思政建设是落实立德树人根本任务的战略举措[1]。2020年5月28日,《教育部关于印发〈高等学校课程思政建设指导纲要〉的通知》指出:“课程思政建设工作要围绕全面提高人才培养能力这个核心点,在全国所有高校、所有学科专业全面推进,促使课程思政的理念形成广泛共识,广大教师开展课程思政建设的意识和能力全面提升,协同推进课程思政建设的体制机制基本健全,高校立德树人成效进一步提高。”[1]而今日的青年作为未来勇挑重担的栋梁,正处于心灵塑造关键期,具有自主进行价值探索与被价值引领的双重需求。如何引导青年大学生树立正确的人生观,使之认识到个体与国家富强、民族兴旺、人民幸福相互影响,认识到自身的时代使命及其担当,成为解决好“培养什么人、怎样培养人、为谁培养人”[2]这个根本问题的关键。作为思政教育前沿阵地,高校思政教学在课程思政建设中理应起到示范作用,必须紧扣时代发展主题,围绕思政教学改革之内在要求,探究课程思政教学的具体内容及其特点。本文围绕全面推进课程思政建设的要求,基于“价值最小单元”的教学理念,探索课程设计向度,为课程思政教学设计提供具有参考价值的新思路。
Innovation of Curriculum Politics Teaching Design in Colleges and Universities: Based on the Exploration of "Minimum Value Unit"
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摘要: 全面推进课程思政建设是落实立德树人根本任务的战略举措。所谓“价值最小单元”,即以最小价值主题为核心所设定的一个包含完整教学环节的“闭环”。“最小价值单元”教学理念为课程思政教学设计提供了新的方向:第一,课程设计应以符合时代发展趋势、学生实际、学科特征的基本价值单元作为教学议题,根据具体语境加以拓展,以最小议题为引领,将教学内容拓展为具有话题性的一个完整价值单元;第二,课程设计既要充分考虑受教育者的“认知—感动—领悟—内化”等关键教育环节,又要兼顾开放互动、探索式推进这一过程本身。基于“价值最小单元”的高校课程思政教学设计应注重三个方面:在教学内容方面,以特定的价值观念为议题,深度发掘议题的现实意义,设计符合大学生主体特征的课程议题;在教学艺术方面,以“留白”的价值深意求创生,激发学生求知与探索的热情;在教学载体方面,以深切的价值情感促转化,搭建教学内容与受教育者情感沟通的桥梁,促进受教育者情感的升华和知识的内化。基于“价值最小单元”的高校课程思政教学设计反思应从三方面展开,即教育者能否拓展价值议题的深度与广度、能否激发受教育者对价值深意的探究热情、能否促进受教育者的情感共鸣与价值认同。Abstract: "Ideological and political education in the course" is a conceptual innovation and practical exploration for colleges and universities to carry out the fundamental task of fostering students with moral education. The so-called "minimum value unit"refers to a "closed loop" with a complete teaching process set with the theme of minimum value as the core. The teaching concept of "minimum value unit" provides direction for the teaching design of curriculum ideological and political teaching: First, from the perspective of "value" itself, the curriculum design should regard basic value units, which conform to the development trend of the times, the practical situation of students, and the characteristics of the subject as the selected topics, and it should expand according to the specific context, guided by the smallest topics, and develop the teaching content into a topical complete value unit. Secondly, the curriculum design ideas must fully consider the "knowing-moving-comprehension-internalization" of the educated and other key education links, and must also take into account the process itself of open interaction and exploratory promotion. The ideological and political teaching design of college courses based on the "minimum unit of value" mainly includes three aspects: the teaching content takes the given value concept as the topic, and emphasizes the core role of the specific value concept; the teaching process uses the value of the blank to deepen the creation and stress the "surprising effect" obtained in the process; the teaching carrier promotes transformation with profound value emotions, and emphasizes the emotions conveyed by the complete curriculum process design. The reflection on the ideological and political teaching design of college courses based on the "minimum value unit" is developed from three aspects, namely, whether the educator can explore the depth and breadth of a given value concept; whether the educator can arouse the enthusiasm of the educated for the deep meaning of the value; whether the educator gets the emotional resonance and value recognition of the educated.
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