An Experimental Study on the Impact of Awe on College Students'Self
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摘要: 敬畏是一种自我超越性情绪,已有采用自然情境启动范式、以西方人为被试的研究发现,敬畏会导致个体的自我缩小,然而,敬畏自然是否以及如何影响中国人的自我尺寸却还尚不清楚。本研究基于“身份调和器理论”揭示出,敬畏自然会通过引发顺应需要导致个体的自我缩小,同时,适恰自尊会调节自然敬畏与顺应需要之间的关系。在实践层面,该结果为探索如何使中国人更好地“把小我融入大我”、提升社会责任感提供了启发。Abstract: Awe is a type of self-transcendental emotion that can lead to self-diminishing. Based on the Identity Modulation Theory, the present studydemonstrated that awe increased the need for accommodation, which, in turn, increased self-diminishing. Meanwhile, the relationship between awe and the need for accommodation was moderated by syncretic self-esteem. This study will help to find ways in enhancingsocial responsibility and promoting the integration of smallself and bigself.
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表 1 描述性统计分析与相关分析
Mean±SD 顺应需要 适恰自尊 总体自尊 实验组(n=44) 顺应需要 5.92±2.61 - 适恰自尊 0.16±0.92 -0.33* - 总体自尊 33.04±4.00 -0.31* 0.26 - 控制组(n=46) 顺应需要 7.20±3.10 - 适恰自尊 -0.17+1.03 0.22 - 总体自尊 31.89±3.10 0.10 0.33* - 注:*p<0.05 表 2 实验组与控制组体验不同类型情绪上的差别性检验(Mean±SD)
情绪类别 实验组(n=44) 控制组(n=46) t Cohen's d 激动 2.86±1.25 1.61±0.95 5.46*** 1.13 惊异 3.27±1.45 1.59±0.86 6.86*** 1.41 敬畏 4.09±1.05 2.22±1.21 7.89*** 1.65 害怕 1.59±1.19 1.18±0.47 2.21* 0.45 伤心 1.34±0.68 1.18±0.57 1.22 0.26 担忧 1.52±1.05 1.37±0.68 0.84 0.17 高兴 2.20±1.00 1.63±0.97 1.91 0.58 注:*p<0.05;***p<0.001 表 3 顺应需要中介敬畏对自我缩小的作用
回归方程(N=93) 拟合指标 系数显著性 结果变量 预测变量 R R2 F(df) β t 自我缩小 0.52 0.27 8.07(4) 性别 -0.05 -0.59 年龄 0.09 0.90 整体自尊 -0.08 -0.84 敬畏 0.52 5.16*** 顺应需要 0.26 0.07 1.61(4) 性别 0.28 0.27 年龄 0.08 0.93 整体自尊 -0.11 -1.05 敬畏 0.24 2.09* 自我缩小 0.67 0.45 14.43(5) 性别 -0.07 -0.84 年龄 0.05 0.61 整体自尊 -0.03 -0.35 敬畏 0.41 4.61*** 顺应需要 0.45 5.43*** 注:*p<0.05;**p<0.01;***p<0.001。模型中各变量均采用标准化后的变量带入回归方程,下同 表 4 有调节的中介模型检验
回归方程(N=93) 拟合指标 系数显著性 结果变量 预测变量 R R2 F(df) β t 顺应需要 0.37 0.14 2.32(6) 性别 0.05 0.50 年龄 0.08 0.74 整体自尊 -0.11 -1.02 敬畏 0.24 2.16* 适恰自尊 -0.02 -0.20 敬畏×适恰自尊 0.28 2.66** 自我缩小 0.68 0.47 10.73(7) 性别 -0.06 -0.68 年龄 0.05 0.64 整体自尊 -0.03 -0.38 敬畏 0.42 4.68*** 适恰自尊 -0.01 -0.13 顺应需要 0.41 4.80*** 敬畏×适恰自尊 0.14 1.59 -
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