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21世纪以来,全球科技革命呈现出“互操作性、虚拟化、模块化和服务导向”的特征[1],推动着人类社会走向以大数据、云计算、人工智能为技术支撑的工业4.0时代(Industry 4.0 Era),这使各国重新站在科技革命的同一起跑线上。为更好地把握时代发展机遇,许多国家在其教育发展战略中将工业4.0的建设与发展提升到了前所未有的高度,我国亦不例外。教育部于2018年印发的《关于推进新时代智慧性和复合性创新人才培养体系建设的提案》答复函中提出,要加快培养适应和引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革的卓越工程科技人才,发展新兴工科专业、改造升级传统工科专业,推动形成科学合理的人才培养结构,主动应对第四次工业革命挑战[2]。“十三五”期间,我国为建设一流本科教育已深入实施“六卓越一拔尖”计划2.0、“双万计划”“燎原计划”等[3],但在新技术革命背景下推动本科教育发展的策略仍亟待创新。以第四次工业革命为契机,重塑教育系统的要素与结构,推动人类工作方式和学习技能向智慧化阶段转型,已成为当今世界一流大学本科教育变革的重要导向。近年来,新加坡南洋理工大学(Nanyang Technological University,以下简称南大)顺应工业4.0时代需求,推行了卓有成效的本科教育变革,形成了富有特色的教育理念与实践。那么,南大的本科教育变革究竟如何回应工业4.0时代?本文将重点关注工业4.0时代南大本科教育变革的动因及特征,汲取其教育智慧化转型的成功经验,以期为深入推进我国本科教育改革提供些许经验借鉴。
How the World-Class Universities Reform TheirUndergraduate Education in Industry 4.0 Era: Enlightenment from Nanyang Technological University's Experience
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摘要: 工业4.0不仅意味着一场技术革命,更意味着一场教育革命。以第四次工业革命为契机,重塑教育系统的结构和体系,推动人类工作方式与学习技能向智慧化阶段转型,成为当今世界一流大学本科教育变革的重要导向。为有效应对工业4.0所引发的经济社会转型、工作世界变化以及机器伦理危机等问题,南洋理工大学积极探索本科教育变革的路径——推行跨学科教育以培育复合型人才,推动知识赋能以激发创新活力,共建智慧校园以深化学习体验,建立全球联盟以拓宽国际视野。新时期我国本科教育改革应以综合能力为导向,注重跨学科教育模式开发;以科研创新为重点,整合育人功能与社会服务职能;以学生体验为核心,探索满足现代学习需求的教学方式;以国际合作为媒介,搭建跨界协作的终身学习平台。Abstract: Industry 4.0 means more than a technological revolution but an educational revolution. Seizing the opportunities of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, reshaping the structure of the education system and upgrading human work and study to a smarter stage have become an important orientation of world-class universities' undergraduate education. In order to deal with the problemscaused by the Industry 4.0 era effectively, such as the transformation of economic and social, work world changes, and machine ethics crisis, Nanyang Technological University has explored the way to reform undergraduate education actively—taking advantages of interdisciplinary education to cultivate compound talents, making the power of knowledge stimulate creative energy, jointly building Smart Campus to deepen the learning experience and establishing a global alliance to broaden international horizons. In the new era, the reform of Chinese undergraduate education could cultivate students' comprehensive capabilities through interdisciplinary education, pave the way for scientific research and technological innovation by integrating higher education and social service, and explore student-centered learning methods and modern teaching approaches to meet undergraduates' needs. Besides, we need to build lifelong learning platform on cross-border collaboration with international cooperation as a medium.
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Key words:
- Industry 4.0 /
- Nanyang Technological University /
- undergraduate education /
- intelligence /
- digitization .
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