太子参土壤固氮菌与解钾菌的分离、筛选及鉴定
On Isolation,Screening and Identification of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria and Potassium-Solubilizing Bacteria from Rhizosphere Soil of Radix Pseudostellariae
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摘要: 应用Ashby培养基和亚历山大硅酸盐细菌培养基从太子参根际土壤中分离固氮菌和解钾菌，并选取固氮菌和解钾菌进行固氮、解钾作用研究，以为太子参生物菌肥的研制提供菌源．结果表明：从太子参根际土壤中获得太子参自生固氮菌34株，解钾菌26株．选取固氮菌和解钾菌各5株，分别测定其固氮效能和解钾能力，其中以自生固氮菌ATS 25的固氮效能最高，达21.51 mg／g ；解钾能力最好的菌株为KTS 24，液体培养7 d后水溶性钾含量为7.42 mg／L ．菌株培养特征、菌体形态观察、菌株生理生化反应测试并结合16S rDNA分析鉴定，将菌株ATS 25和KTS 24归属为同一个种，即栗树类芽孢杆菌（Paenibacillus castaneae）．这是首次报道该菌株具有固氮、解钾作用的研究文献．Abstract: Nitrogen‐fixing and potassium‐solubilizing bacteria have been isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Radix Pseudostellariae with Ashby and Alexandrove medium ,respectively .The selected strains have been studied for their nitrogen‐fixing and potassium‐soluilizing abilities so that those could be applied to the production of biofertilizer .The results show that 34 free‐living nitrogen‐fixing bacteria and 26 potassi‐um‐solubilizing bacteria have been achieved from the rhizosphere soil of Radix Pseudostellariae .5 nitro‐gen‐fixing bacteria and 5 potassium‐solubilizing bacteria have been selected for the measures of nitrogen‐fixing efficiency and potassium solubilizing capacities ,respectively .A free‐living nitrogen‐fixing bacterium named ATS‐2‐5 expressed the best nitrogen‐fixing ability , and its value of nitrogen‐fixing efficiency reached 21 .51 mg?g -1 .Potassium‐solubilizing bacterium KTS‐2‐4 has the strongest potassium solubiliz‐ing capacity ,the concentration of soluble potassium in Alexandrove liquid medium is 7 .42 mg?L -1 .ATS‐2‐5 and KTS‐2‐4 are attributed to a species ,viz .Paenibacillus castaneae based on the cultural characteris‐tics ,morphology ,physiological and biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis .This is the first report on the nitrogen‐fixing and potassium‐solubilizing ability of Paenibacillus castaneae .
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