The Effects of Soil Conditioner on Improvement of Malabar Spinach Yield and Acidified Soil
-
摘要: 蔬菜是重要的经济作物,许多种植户为追求片面的高产量、高收益,连续多年种植蔬菜、偏施重施化肥,导致土壤严重酸化,产量受到严重影响.为探讨土壤调理剂对蔬菜产量和酸化土壤改良的影响,本研究开展了木耳菜产量和土壤性质在常规施肥、常规施肥+天脊土壤调理剂、常规施肥+钙镁磷肥等不同处理的对比试验,试验结果表明,天脊土壤调理剂和钙镁磷肥对木耳菜的增产效果分别是62.6%,29.7%;两种调理剂处理后,叶片中氮磷钾元素都有增加,增幅在13.5%~65.5%;两种调理剂处理后土壤交换酸总量降低幅度达41.9%和16.8%,对土壤交换性阳离子含量和元素含量均具有一定的调节作用.本研究对土壤调理剂对木耳菜产量和土壤理化性质的影响进行了检测,以期为蔬菜生产提供参考.Abstract: Vegetables are important economic crops. Many growers continuously grow vegetables for many years and apply excessive chemical fertilizer to pursue high yield and high income. This planting method led to serious acidification of soil and reduction of vegetable yield. In order to explore the effects of soil conditioner on improvement of vegetable yield and acidified soil, the field experiments were conducted. The results showed that the yield increasing effect of Tianji soil conditioner and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer on malabar spinach were 62.6% and 29.7%, respectively. After treatment with two soil conditioners, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves increased by 13.5%~65.5%, and total amount of exchangeable acids in soil decreased by 41.9% and 16.8%, which showed a certain regulation effect on exchangeable cation content and elements contents in soil. This study analyzed the effects of applying soil conditioner on the yield of malabar spinach and soil physical and chemical properties, so as to provide reference for vegetable production.
-
Key words:
- malabar spinach /
- soil conditioner /
- yield /
- acidified soil improvement .
-
-
[1] 黄梓翀, 刘善江, 孙昊, 等. 我国蔬菜肥料利用率现状与提高对策[J]. 蔬菜, 2021(7):43-50. [2] 张福锁, 王激清, 张卫峰, 等. 中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J]. 土壤学报, 2008, 45(5):915-924. [3] 孟红旗, 刘景, 徐明岗, 等. 长期施肥下我国典型农田耕层土壤的pH演变[J]. 土壤学报, 2013, 50(6):1109-1116. [4] SCHRODER J L, ZHANG H L, GIRMA K, et al. Soil Acidification from Long-Term Use of Nitrogen Fertilizers on Winter Wheat[J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2011, 75(3):957-964. [5] 张琴, 周升春, 朱训永, 等. 设施蔬菜连作障碍原因及防控措施[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2011(1):158-160. [6] 王迪轩, 王佐林. 蔬菜种植基地土壤酸化现象与改良控制措施[J]. 农村实用技术, 2016(12):35-38. [7] 胡敏. 恩施州耕地土壤酸化现状及石灰等土壤调理剂降酸效果初探[D]. 武汉:华中农业大学, 2017. [8] 王瑞雪, 徐智, 汤利, 等. 设施菜地土壤质量主要障碍因子及其修复措施研究进展[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2015, 56(8):1300-1305. [9] LI S L, LIU Y Q, WANG J, et al. Soil Acidification Aggravates the Occurrence of Bacterial Wilt in South China[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017, 8:703. [10] 刘书哲. 设施蔬菜地土壤障碍因子调查与影响因素分析-以苏州市为例[D]. 南京:南京师范大学, 2020. [11] 吴显汀. 土壤酸化对农作物生长的影响及预防改良措施[J]. 河南农业, 2018(22):23. [12] 简红忠, 杨小敏, 王琳, 等. 不同有机物对陕南酸化土壤改良效果研究[J]. 天津农业科学, 2021, 27(9):65-68. [13] 谢会雅, 陈舜尧, 张阳, 等. 中国南方土壤酸化原因及土壤酸性改良技术研究进展[J]. 湖南农业科学, 2021(2):104-107. [14] 孙浩燕, 杨学文, 王凌霞, 等. 高山蔬菜土壤酸化治理效果初探[J]. 南方园艺, 2021, 32(2):23-25. [15] 张世昌, 詹承贤, 吴凌云. 土壤调理剂品种对茄子产量及土壤理化性状的影响[J]. 基层农技推广, 2020, 8(12):24-26. [16] 李江文, 周佳, 向华辉, 等. 硝酸磷钾复合肥与氧化钙调理剂配施对蔬菜酸化土壤改良效果研究[J]. 西南农业学报, 2020, 33(6):1221-1228. [17] 燕国旺, 邢明振, 柴同海, 等. 新型土壤调理剂对黄瓜产量与品质的影响[J]. 河北农业, 2021(9):59-61. [18] 鲁如坤. 土壤农业化学分析方法[M]. 北京:中国农业科技出版社, 2000. [19] 施振云, 施俭, 杨锋, 等. 钾肥对提高花椰菜产量和品质的效应[J]. 土壤肥料, 2004(4):17-19, 24. [20] 李戎, 彭文学, 向华辉, 等. 蔬菜地土壤酸化治理研究初报[J]. 南方农业, 2018, 12(4):32-37, 40. -
计量
- 文章访问数: 473
- HTML全文浏览数: 461
- PDF下载数: 356
- 施引文献: 0