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基于根际生物屏障构建的烟草青枯病绿色防控技术的应用研究

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毕开涛, 韩伟, 陈佛源, 等. 基于根际生物屏障构建的烟草青枯病绿色防控技术的应用研究[J]. 植物医学, 2024, (1): 22-32. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwyx.2024.01.003
引用本文: 毕开涛, 韩伟, 陈佛源, 等. 基于根际生物屏障构建的烟草青枯病绿色防控技术的应用研究[J]. 植物医学, 2024, (1): 22-32. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwyx.2024.01.003
shu
BI Kaitao, HAN Wei, CHEN Foyuan, et al. Green Prevention and Control Technology for Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Based on Rhizosphere Biological Barrier[J]. PLANT HEALTH AND MEDICINE, 2024, (1): 22-32. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwyx.2024.01.003
Citation: BI Kaitao, HAN Wei, CHEN Foyuan, et al. Green Prevention and Control Technology for Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Based on Rhizosphere Biological Barrier[J]. PLANT HEALTH AND MEDICINE, 2024, (1): 22-32. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwyx.2024.01.003
shu

基于根际生物屏障构建的烟草青枯病绿色防控技术的应用研究

  • 1. 四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司, 四川 宜宾 644600;

  • 2. 西南大学 植物保护学院, 重庆 400715;

  • 3. 重庆西农植物保护科技开发有限公司, 重庆 400700

详细信息
    作者简介:

    毕开涛，农艺师，主要从事烟叶生产工作. .

  • 中图分类号: S435.72

Green Prevention and Control Technology for Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Based on Rhizosphere Biological Barrier

  • 1. Sichuan Tobacco Company Yibin Company, Yibin Sichuan 644600, China;

  • 2. College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;

  • 3. Chongqing Xinong Plant Protection Technology Development, Chongqing 400700, China

  • 摘要: 青枯病防控一直是烟草农业发展中亟需破解的难题，探究并构建绿色、持续、高效的烟草青枯病防治技术体系具有重要的生产实践价值.本研究选择四川省宜宾市筠连县蒿坝镇烟草青枯病连年重发区，集成以基于根际生物屏障构建的烟草青枯病绿色防控技术体系，采用土壤保育、拮抗菌剂基质拌菌、有机肥拌菌、营养抗性诱导技术，系统评价技术体系应用后对烟草生长发育、土壤元素、微生物菌群变化以及经济效益的影响.结果表明，技术体系应用后显著促进了烤烟生长发育，与对照区相比，打顶后处理区烟株株高、叶片数、茎围、最大叶长、最大叶宽提升了9.8%，19.53%，16.56%，14.86%和29.65%；显著提高了烤烟对土壤元素的利用，处理区碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾相比对照区减少了76.58 mg/kg，80.89 mg/kg，506.25 mg/kg，交换性钙、镁、pH值分别增加了1 600 mg/kg，176.50mg/kg与0.4个单位；优化了土壤微生物菌群，与对照区相比，示范区内烟草根际细菌中有益菌属Bacillus，Sphingomonas，Bryobacter，Bradyrhizobium，Flavobacterium，Arthrobacter，Sphingobium丰度增加了462.75%，69.77%，664.10%，131.34%，101.97%，123.74%，490.00%，青枯雷尔氏菌属下降63.14%；烟叶采收期示范区相对防效仍可达到86%左右，较非示范区的667 m2均综合经济效益高出1 337.62元.通过示范应用，证实了该项技术体系能够优化土壤，降低青枯病发生，提升烟叶产量，在今后的烟草青枯病防治中具有重要的应用前景.
    Abstract: Control of bacterial wilt has always been a pressing issue in the development of tobacco agriculture. Exploring and establishing a green, sustainable, and efficient technical system for control of tobacco bacterial wilt holds immense production value. In this study, Yaoba Town, Junlian County, Yibin City, Sichuan Province, a region which tobacco bacterial wilt occurred frequently for many years, was selected for experiment. The green control technology system of tobacco bacterial wilt was constructed based on the rhizosphere biological barrier, soil conservation, mixing antagonistic agents with organic fertilizers, and induction of resistance with nutrient. The effects of this technology on tobacco growth, soil elements, microbial flora, and economic benefits were systematically evaluated. The results showed that the application of this technology significantly promoted the growth and development of tobacco plants. Compared to the control area, plant height, leaf number, stem circumference, maximum leaf length, and maximum leaf width increased by 9.80%, 19.53%, 16.56%, 14.86%, 29.65%, respectively, during the topping period. The utilization of soil elements by tobacco plants was also significantly improved. Compared to the soil of control area, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium decreased by 76.58 mg/kg, 80.89 mg/kg and 506.25 mg/kg, respectively. Exchangeable calcium and magnesium content, as well as pH values, increased respectively by 1 600 mg/kg, 176.50 mg/kg, and 0.4 units after applying this technology. After the implementation of technology, the soil microbial flora was optimized by compared to the control area. The abundance of beneficial bacteria Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Bryobacter, Bradyrhizobium, Flavobacterium, Arthrobacter and Sphingobium increased by 462.75%, 69.77%, 664.10%, 131.34%, 101.97%, 123.74% and 490.00%, respectively, whereas Rella soliculosa decreased by 63.14%. During the period of tobacco harvesting in the demonstration area, the relative control efficiency for bacterial wilt still reached to approximately 86%, and the comprehensive economic benefit was ￥ 1 337.62/667 m2 higher than that in non-demonstration areas. Demonstrative application proved that this technology can optimize soil properties, reduce occurrences of bacterial wilt and increase tobacco yield, demonstrating significant potential for future applications in management of tobacco bacterial wilt.
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  • 收稿日期:  2023-12-06

基于根际生物屏障构建的烟草青枯病绿色防控技术的应用研究

    作者简介: 毕开涛，农艺师，主要从事烟叶生产工作.
  • 1. 四川省烟草公司宜宾市公司, 四川 宜宾 644600;
  • 2. 西南大学 植物保护学院, 重庆 400715;
  • 3. 重庆西农植物保护科技开发有限公司, 重庆 400700
  • 收稿日期:  2023-12-06
基金项目: 

摘要: 青枯病防控一直是烟草农业发展中亟需破解的难题，探究并构建绿色、持续、高效的烟草青枯病防治技术体系具有重要的生产实践价值.本研究选择四川省宜宾市筠连县蒿坝镇烟草青枯病连年重发区，集成以基于根际生物屏障构建的烟草青枯病绿色防控技术体系，采用土壤保育、拮抗菌剂基质拌菌、有机肥拌菌、营养抗性诱导技术，系统评价技术体系应用后对烟草生长发育、土壤元素、微生物菌群变化以及经济效益的影响.结果表明，技术体系应用后显著促进了烤烟生长发育，与对照区相比，打顶后处理区烟株株高、叶片数、茎围、最大叶长、最大叶宽提升了9.8%，19.53%，16.56%，14.86%和29.65%；显著提高了烤烟对土壤元素的利用，处理区碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾相比对照区减少了76.58 mg/kg，80.89 mg/kg，506.25 mg/kg，交换性钙、镁、pH值分别增加了1 600 mg/kg，176.50mg/kg与0.4个单位；优化了土壤微生物菌群，与对照区相比，示范区内烟草根际细菌中有益菌属Bacillus，Sphingomonas，Bryobacter，Bradyrhizobium，Flavobacterium，Arthrobacter，Sphingobium丰度增加了462.75%，69.77%，664.10%，131.34%，101.97%，123.74%，490.00%，青枯雷尔氏菌属下降63.14%；烟叶采收期示范区相对防效仍可达到86%左右，较非示范区的667 m2均综合经济效益高出1 337.62元.通过示范应用，证实了该项技术体系能够优化土壤，降低青枯病发生，提升烟叶产量，在今后的烟草青枯病防治中具有重要的应用前景.

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