摘要:
通过文献资料法、 专家访谈法、 观察法、 影像分析法、 运动学分析法, 选择恰当的运动学指标, 对国内3支优秀技巧啦啦操队"直体后空翻一周转体720°"上抛及腾空的完成情况进行了较全面的定量描述, 研究表明: (1)在上抛阶段, 各队用时存在差异, 其垂直速度及重心上升位移大小不同, 导致上抛完成质量的差异, 也影响后续腾空动作的完成效果. (2)在腾空至最高点, 腾空的时间和空间也相对存在不同, 而尖子在整个翻转过程中总用时相近, 所以导致各队的转体速度与节奏不一, 由此提出训练学观点: 一是应加强底座的力量素质训练. 底座在上抛阶段时屈膝缓冲和抬肩伸肘应更加充分, 用力方向的准确性以及队员之间配合的一致性应有所提高. 二是尖子不要急于抬头翻转, 应在脱手前积极伸膝、 伸髋, 梗头、 引臂, 在缓冲阶段时, 底座应主动借助内力, 有控制地进行缓冲, 避免过度屈膝, 应加大腾起角, 在脱手后开始转体. 尖子在腾空过程中还应注意姿态的控制.
Abstract:
This study has been done mainly through literature, expert interviews, observation, image analysis, kinematics analysis, to choose the appropriate kinematic indicators of domestic, three excellent skills in cheerleading exercise backflip week swivel 720 up and vacated the completion of forming a quantitative comprehensive description, it is concluded that 1)in up stage, teams with different teams, vertical velocity and gravity rising displacement is different in size, leading up quality difference, also affect the subsequent flight movement complete effect.2) in the air to the highest point, the empty time and space are relatively different, and the top of the whole process in the reversal of the total use of the same time, resulting in the team′s rotation speed and rhythm.In order to make the training point of view, 1) we should strengthen the power quality of the base;the base in the stage when the buffer should be knee up more fully, throwing stage should be more fully shoulder elbow;with the direction of the applied force between accuracy and consistency of the players should be increased.2) best not to look up at the flip, should sell active knee extension, hip extension, stem end and an arm in the buffer stage, the base should be controlled by the active force, buffer, avoid excessive flexion;should increase certain flight angle, start off in turn;the top should pay attention to attitude control in the process of flight.
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