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近些年来,N-二苯基亚甲基甘氨酸酯衍生物的合成备受关注,因为该类化合物是最重要的希夫碱之一,可作为各种手性的天然或非天然氨基酸的前体,用于具有生物活性的化合物的合成[1-2].目前文献报道的方法大多是关于非手性的N-二苯基亚甲基甘氨酸酯的合成[3],含手性辅基的N-二苯基亚甲基甘氨酸酯的合成方法却鲜有报道.手性辅基作为一种高效的构建不对称中心的手段,被广泛地用于具有生物活性的天然产物和药物分子的合成.例如,在手性辅基不对称诱导的作用下,通过不对称烷基化反应[4]和加成反应等[5],N-二苯基亚甲基甘氨酸酯衍生物的α-氢可以有选择性地被不同的基团取代,合成高光学纯度的异构体,再经过水解等步骤,可以制备各种不同的具有手性的天然或非天然氨基酸[6].因此,发展一条手性N-二苯基亚甲基甘氨酸酯的高效合成路线显得十分重要.
本文报道了一种(-)-N-二苯基亚甲基甘氨酸薄荷醇酯的简捷高效的制备方法,首先由甘氨酸和薄荷醇在对甲苯磺酸催化下发生酯化反应,用得到的甘氨酸薄荷醇酯磺酸盐,直接和二苯甲酮亚胺在室温下发生缩合反应,能以较高的产率得到目标产物,其合成路线见图 1.
Study on the Facile Synthesis of (-)-N-(diphenylmethylene) Glycine Menthyl Ester
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摘要: 报道了(-)-N-二苯基亚甲基甘氨酸薄荷醇酯的简捷高效的制备方法,由甘氨酸和薄荷醇直接酯化,再和二苯甲酮亚胺缩合,以较高的产率得到目标产物.此过程不需要保护氨基,缩合反应无需使用催化剂,反应条件温和,绿色环保,经济节能.Abstract: A facile and efficient synthetic method of (-)-N-(diphenylmethylene) glycine menthyl ester was developed with high yield via esterification of glycine and menthol followed by condensation with benzophenone imine. Glycine can be esterified without amino protection, and condensation between ester and imine can be proceeded without catalyst. Also, these reactions are easily conducted in mild condition, eco-friendly and economical way.
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Key words:
- glycine /
- chiral auxiliary /
- menthol ester /
- asymmetric sgnthesis .
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表 1 甘氨酸、薄荷醇和二苯甲酮亚胺用量考察
实验 甘氨酸用量/mmol 薄荷醇用量/mmol 二苯甲酮亚胺用量/mmol 产率/% 1 1.0 1.0 1.0 73.6 2 1.0 1.2 1.0 91.7 3 1.0 1.2 0.8 85.3 4 1.0 1.2 1.2 92.2 表 2 甘氨酸薄荷醇酯对甲苯磺酸盐和二苯甲酮亚胺反应温度考察
实验 温度/℃ 反应时间/min 产率/% 1 25 30 91.7 2 0 60 92.4 3 50 30 83.5 表 3 甘氨酸薄荷醇酯对甲苯磺酸盐和二苯甲酮亚胺反应溶剂考察
实验 溶剂 产率/% 1 二氯甲烷 91.7 2 甲苯 84.2 3 四氢呋喃 86.3 4 二氯甲烷(无水) 92.1 -
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