Keywords: 
• 中国近代；儿童公育；非儿童公育；思潮；婴幼儿教育社会化

Abstract: Public and non-public breeding of children are educational thoughts in Chinese modern times. The former maintains: kinship family should be miniaturization first, kinship and nuclear family should be abolished together, and mission of family breeding children should be socialization first, and public breeding entirely. The latter opposes abolishing family, maintains kinship family should be dispersed into some nuclear, mission of family breeding children should be socialization. Two thoughts contend each other, sustained for a long times, and these promoted transform of families in Chinese modern times and the progression of socialization of children education.