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2021 Volume 46 Issue 8
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LU Yong-chang, WANG Wan-cui, LI Cheng-si, et al. Determination of 20 Kinds of Inorganic Elements of Fallopia Aubertii L.Henry Holub[J]. Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2021, 46(8): 60-65. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.xsxb.2021.08.011
Citation: LU Yong-chang, WANG Wan-cui, LI Cheng-si, et al. Determination of 20 Kinds of Inorganic Elements of Fallopia Aubertii L.Henry Holub[J]. Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2021, 46(8): 60-65. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.xsxb.2021.08.011
shu

Determination of 20 Kinds of Inorganic Elements of Fallopia Aubertii L.Henry Holub

  • 1.

    College of Pharmacy, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China

  • 2.

    Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Chemical Research of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China

  • 3.

    Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis in Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China

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  • Received Date: 17/12/2019
    Available Online: 20/08/2021

  • MSC: R284

  • By measured the types and contents of inorganic elements in medicinal herbs of Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub. and analyzed the similarities and differences of inorganic elements of Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub from different regions. The microwave digestion method was used to digest Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub, and the ICP-OES method was used to determine the content of 16 elements, such as Al, B, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, Sr, Ti, Cu, Zn, etc.; Atomic fluorescence spectrometry was used to determine the content of two elements, such as Hg, As; Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the content of two elements, such as Pb, Cd; Cluster analysis was used to analyze the differences in inorganic elements in Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub. The highest content of 20 elements in medicinal materials is K; none of them were detected in 11 batches of 2 kinds of medicines, such as Li and Mo; B elements were not included in the 9th and 10th batches of medicines; Hg, As, Cu, Pb, and Cd contents measurement results showed that only the content of Cu in the seventh batch of medicinal materials exceeded the standard, and the content of heavy metal elements in other batches of medicinal materials met the national standards. There were differences in the types and contents of inorganic elements of Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub, and the "exceeding standard" of heavy metal elements indicated the safety of medication.
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Determination of 20 Kinds of Inorganic Elements of Fallopia Aubertii L.Henry Holub

  • Received Date: 17/12/2019
  • Available Online: 20/08/2021

Abstract: By measured the types and contents of inorganic elements in medicinal herbs of Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub. and analyzed the similarities and differences of inorganic elements of Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub from different regions. The microwave digestion method was used to digest Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub, and the ICP-OES method was used to determine the content of 16 elements, such as Al, B, Ba, Ca, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, Sr, Ti, Cu, Zn, etc.; Atomic fluorescence spectrometry was used to determine the content of two elements, such as Hg, As; Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine the content of two elements, such as Pb, Cd; Cluster analysis was used to analyze the differences in inorganic elements in Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub. The highest content of 20 elements in medicinal materials is K; none of them were detected in 11 batches of 2 kinds of medicines, such as Li and Mo; B elements were not included in the 9th and 10th batches of medicines; Hg, As, Cu, Pb, and Cd contents measurement results showed that only the content of Cu in the seventh batch of medicinal materials exceeded the standard, and the content of heavy metal elements in other batches of medicinal materials met the national standards. There were differences in the types and contents of inorganic elements of Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub, and the "exceeding standard" of heavy metal elements indicated the safety of medication.

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  • 木藤蓼(Fallopia aubertii L.Henry Holub)为蓼科(Polygonacea)何首乌属植物，藏语名为“勒哲”，是常用的藏药材. 具有清热、祛风、祛湿、利尿、补血等功效，可治疗肺病、感冒发烧、风湿性关节炎、贫血等病症[1-2].

    无机元素影响着用药安全，是药材质量控制的指标之一. 据报道，药材的有机成分和无机成分共同决定了药材的性味和功效，无机元素已被发现是药材中具有活性的重要物质基础和关键组成部分[3]. 现代医学研究表明，无机元素具有生理功能多样性，在骨骼发育、ATP的形成、血红蛋白合成、甲状腺功能正常、大脑发育等多个方面都体现了无机元素与人体健康的息息相关[4-7]. 本研究对木藤蓼药材中20种无机元素质量分数进行了测定，对正确认识木藤蓼药材中无机元素的质量分数范围具有参考价值，为药材的质量控制和安全性评价提供科学的依据.

1.   仪器、试剂与材料

    1.1.   仪器

  • ICP-OES 725型等离子光谱仪，美国Agilent公司；AA240Z型石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪，美国Agilent公司；AFS-8230型原子荧光光度仪，北京吉天仪器有限公司；MARS6型微波消解仪，美国CEM公司；VB20型赶酸装置，美国Lab Tech公司；QE-300型粉碎机，浙江屹立工贸有限公司.

    • 1.2.   试剂

  • 浓硝酸、过氧化氢，AR，天津市河东区红岩试剂厂提供；Al，Ba，Ca，K，Li，Mg，Mn，Mo，Na，P，Sr，Ti，Hg，As，Cd，Pb等标准溶液(1 000 μg/mL)及B，Fe，Cu，Zn标准溶液(100 μg/mL)，均购于中国计量科学研究所.

    • 1.3.   药材

  • 见表 1.

2.   实验方法

    2.1.   供试品的制备

  • 称取11批木藤蓼药材各0.25 g，置于11个消解罐中，加5 mL浓HNO3，1 mL 30%H2O2，预消解过夜后进行微波消解，消解程序为时间0 min，30 min，50 min，温度25 ℃，180 ℃，180 ℃. 将消解罐置于赶酸仪中，至剩余溶液体积不超过0.5 mL，将其转移至50 mL容量瓶中，用超纯水洗涤消解罐，并转移至容量瓶中，加水定容至刻度，待测[8]. 同法制备空白溶液，每份供试品平行3次.

    • 2.2.   标准曲线的制备

  • 20种元素系列浓度制备见表 2，标准曲线方程、相关系数及其检出限见表 3[9-10].

    • 2.3.   ICP-OES法测定16种元素

  • 用ICP-OES法测定Al等16种无机元素的质量分数，平行测定3次，取平均值. 元素的分析谱线见表 4[11-12].

    • 2.4.   原子荧光光谱仪测定汞、砷

  • 汞(Hg)、砷(As)元素用原子荧光光谱仪测定其质量分数，平行测定3次，取平均值. 仪器条件的设定见表 5.

    • 2.5.   原子吸收光谱仪测定铅、镉

  • 铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)元素用原子吸收光谱仪测定其质量分数，平行测定3次，取平均值. 仪器条件的设定见表 6.

3.   元素质量分数测定结果及分析

  • Al等15种无机元素测定结果见表 7，Cu等5种重金属元素质量分数的测定结果见表 8.

    结果显示，Al元素质量分数最高的是S8，为561.10 mg/kg，最低的是S9，为54.15 mg/kg；B元素质量分数最高的是S1，为52.47 mg/kg，最低的是S9，S10，未检出；Ba元素质量分数最高的是S11，为18.26 mg/kg，最低的是S10，为2.95 mg/kg；Ca元素质量分数最高的是S8，为16 026.24 mg/kg，最低的是S2，为3 696.98 mg/kg；Fe元素质量分数最高的是S7，为1 328.22 mg/kg，最低的是S9，为15.74 mg/kg；K元素质量分数最高的是S1，为32 755.80 mg/kg，最低的是S10，为8 441.38 mg/kg；Li元素在11批药材中均未检出；Mg元素质量分数最高的是S1，为6 639.76 mg/kg，最低的是S9，为958.02 mg/kg；Mn元素质量分数最高的是S11，为30.68 mg/kg，最低的是S7，为10.79 mg/kg；Mo元素在11批药材中均未检出；Na元素质量分数最高的是S3，为2 005.66 mg/kg，最低的是S10，为711.70 mg/kg；P元素质量分数最高的是S1，为4 153.18 mg/kg，最低的是S4，为1 904.96 mg/kg；Sr元素质量分数最高的是S8，为156.55 mg/kg，最低的是S2，为52.05 mg/kg；Ti元素质量分数最高的是S2，为8.05 mg/kg，最低的是S11，为1.26 mg/kg；Zn元素质量分数最高的是S11，为86.50 mg/kg，最低的是S3，为33.15 mg/kg；Cu元素质量分数最高的是S7，为23.715 4 mg/kg，最低的是S11，为7.018 4 mg/kg；Hg元素质量分数最高的是S3，为0.018 6 mg/kg，最低的是S1，为0.006 8 mg/kg；As元素质量分数最高的是S6，为0.801 4 mg/kg，最低的是S10，未检出；Pb元素质量分数最高的是S8，为3.892 0 mg/kg，最低的是S11，为0.292 0 mg/kg；Cd元素质量分数最高的是S8，为0.156 0 mg/kg，最低的是S1，为0.084 8 mg/kg.

    根据结果可知，11批木藤蓼药材中20种元素质量分数最高的是K；Li和Mo两种元素在11批药材中均未检出；第9，10批药材中不含B元素；第7批药材Cu元素的质量分数超出了《中国药典》标准，其他批次药材的重金属元素质量分数均符合国家标准. 实验测定了Al等15种无机元素的质量分数，为后续木藤蓼元素的研究提供了实验基础；同时，实验对Cu等5种重金属元素质量分数测定的结果为用药安全提供了参考依据.

4.   讨论

  • 药材中Al等20种元素质量分数由高到低依次为K，Ca，P，Mg，Na，Fe，Al，Sr，Zn，B，Mn，Cu，Ba，Ti，Pb，As，Cd，Hg，Li，Mo. 其中木藤蓼中镉、汞、铅、砷、铜等5种重金属元素除了S7号木藤蓼药材外，其他批次药材的重金属元素质量分数均符合国家标准. 按照《中国药典》规定，铜元素质量分数不得超过20 mg/kg，S7号木藤蓼药材的铜元素质量分数超出了国家标准，可能是药材在运输或样品前处理时引入铜元素所致，此外，也可能是药材生长土壤中铜元素质量分数较高导致该元素超标. 总体而言，本法检出限低，快速、灵敏、准确，可用于藏药材木藤蓼的质量控制，所测结果表明11批木藤蓼药材的质量基本符合国家标准.

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