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果胶是由多缩半乳糖醛酸甲酯通过β-1,4糖苷键与钙、镁结合成的天然高分子化合物,主要存在于果皮中,在食品工业中应用广泛,也是医药和化妆品重要的生产辅料[1-5].硝酸盐(NO3-)和亚硝酸盐(NO2-)是引起人们食物中毒的常见物质,亚硝基化合物中的NO2-能与食品中存在的仲胺、叔胺发生一系列反应,形成能够导致癌变的亚硝胺[6].据研究,膳食纤维对体内的NO2-有一定的吸附能力,能防止胃癌、心脏病等一些疾病的发生[7-11],其中,麦麸、米糠膳食纤维对NO2-的体外吸附效果明显.而果胶作为水溶性膳食纤维,近年来已有学者利用果胶吸附去除水体中Pb2+,Cu2+,Hg2+等离子[12-16],但对果胶吸附NO2-的研究尚无报道.本实验基于果胶的凝胶、吸附等特性,拟在模拟胃环境下研究柚子白皮果胶对NO2-的吸附动力学特性,确定果胶对NO2-的吸附性能,为开发NO2-体内清除剂提供新思路.
Adsorption Kinetics of Pectin from Pomelo Peel on Nitrite in a Simulated Gastric Environment
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摘要: 以柚子白皮为原料制得果胶,在模拟人体胃环境下进行体外实验,研究柚皮果胶对NO2-的吸附效果,并进行动力学分析,同时以市售果胶为对照进行红外光谱分析.结果表明,柚子白皮果胶对NO2-的吸附效果与胃环境的pH值、NO2-质量浓度、模拟胃蠕动的时间和果胶添加量有关,果胶添加量为0.8 g/L,pH值为1.5,NO2-质量浓度为30 mg/L,420 min可达吸附平衡,此时柚子白皮果胶对NO2-的吸附量为17.65 mg/g,去除率为56.21%.动力学研究表明,颗粒内扩散模型能够较好地拟合柚子白皮果胶对NO2-的吸附过程;红外光谱分析表明,O—H以及C=O(羧酸和/或酯)等基团参与了果胶吸附NO2-的反应.Abstract: In this study, pectin was extracted from pomelo peel, and the adsorption effect of pectin on NO2- was investigated, followed by a dynamic analysis in an environment of human stomach simulation. Then an infrared spectrometer was used to characterize the adsorption sites on pomelo peel pectin, with commercial pectin as the control. The results indicated that the adsorption of NO2- by the white pomelo peel pectin was related to pH of the simulated gastric environment, initial mass concentration of NO2-, adsorption time and adsorbent dosage of pectin. An adsorption equilibrium was reached when the adsorbent dosage of pectin was 0.8 g/L, pH of the gastric juice was 1.5, and the initial mass concentration of NO2- was 30 mg/L after 420-minute adsorption. Under this optimal circumstance, the adsorption quantity reached 17.65 mg/g, and the removal rate was 56.21%. Kinetic studies showed that the whole adsorption process of white pomelo peel pectin toward NO2- was well fitted with the intra-particle diffusion model. The infrared spectrum indicated that O-H and C=O (carboxylic acid and/or ester) were involved in the reaction of NO2- adsorption by pectin.
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Key words:
- nitrite ion /
- pomelo peel pectin /
- simulated gastric environment /
- adsorption kinetics /
- infrared analysis .
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表 1 柚皮果胶和市售果胶对NO2-吸附效果的影响
柚皮果胶 市售果胶 去除率/% 56.21±1.23 56.42±0.70 吸附量/(mg·g-1) 17.65±0.51 17.79±0.16 表 2 柚子白皮果胶吸附NO2-的动力学模型拟合参数
NO2-浓度/(mg·L-1) qe实测值/(mg·g-1) 准一级动力学模型 准二级动力学模型 Elovich模型 Bangham模型 颗粒内扩散模型 R2 qe K1 R2 qe K2 R2 A Kt R2 α K0 R2 C Kt 5 9.315 0.933 8 6.653 0.316 3 0.958 7 9.681 0.103 4 0.913 9 23.171 0.505 0.920 4 0.253 0.606 0.990 0 1.943 2.705 10 20.243 0.904 3 15.576 0.424 6 0.970 5 21.322 0.052 2 0.944 7 57.272 0.232 0.902 4 0.261 0.628 0.983 5 4.803 5.847 15 26.738 0.982 2 19.074 0.383 1 0.941 1 27.473 0.041 1 0.958 4 78.368 0.177 0.959 3 0.252 0.631 0.976 5 6.710 7.553 20 32.696 0.988 6 24.452 0.430 2 0.977 8 34.722 0.033 0 0.947 9 92.413 0.141 0.931 9 0.262 0.634 0.969 8 8.054 9.472 25 39.968 0.975 2 33.529 0.476 2 0.971 3 43.290 0.023 2 0.906 5 108.847 0.119 0.914 6 0.279 0.617 0.975 4 8.749 11.950 30 46.065 0.973 7 42.347 0.488 1 0.957 6 51.020 0.016 5 0.921 7 93.379 0.092 0.906 2 0.290 0.594 0.981 1 7.932 14.481 -
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