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开放科学(资源服务)标志码(OSID):
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多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(Polygalacturonase,PG)是一种参与多种植物发育过程的果胶消化酶. 果胶是一种杂多糖,它是双子叶植物体细胞初生细胞壁的主要成分,同时也是花粉内壁和花粉管壁的主要成分,因此,参与果胶代谢相关酶和蛋白对植物的生长和生殖发育至关重要[1]. PG基因属于植物中的大基因家族,在拟南芥[2]、杨树[3]、苹果[4]、葡萄[5]和玉米[6]等物种中均进行了PG家族基因的鉴定和表达模式研究. PG基因参与植物发育的不同阶段,如种子萌发,器官脱落,荚和花药开裂,花粉粒成熟,花粉管生长,和木质部细胞形成[7]. 在水稻中的超表达PG基因降低了果胶组分和细胞粘着力,同时,还增加了对非生物逆境的敏感性[8];而在苹果中PG基因的超表达导致叶片形态发育不正常,果实脱落等表型[9]. PG基因的表达水平在不同器官和组织中显著不同[10],超过50%的拟南芥PG基因在花卉组织中高度表达[11]. 拟南芥中的PGX1参与细胞的伸长、膨胀和花的生长和发育;PGX2能够促进拟南芥子叶下胚轴的伸长、叶的扩张、茎的木质化等;QRT2、ADPG1和ADPG2对拟南芥生殖发育过程中花粉粒等不同的细胞分裂具有很重要的作用[12-14].
目前,栽培甜荞均为自交不亲和的两型花作物,包括长柱花和短柱花,长柱花(L-morph Flower)也称“Pin”型花,具有长花柱和短雄蕊;短柱花(S-morph Flower)也称“Thrum”型花,具有短花柱和长雄蕊. 这种花粉的互位方式减少了花粉的浪费,促进了异花授粉,提供了花粉的适应性[15],同时,也极易受到环境影响,开花期出现阴雨天则会导致结实率降低而影响产量. 国内外多个研究团队已利用自交可育野生荞麦Fagopyrum homotropicum[16],通过种间杂交的方式(Fagopyrum esculentum和F.homotropicum)培育出自交可育的等柱花甜荞,即花柱与雄蕊等长,且自交可育. 依据实验室前期对甜荞长、短和等柱花雌雄蕊转录组数据,获得一个PG基因编码序列,命名为FePG1,本研究拟对FePG1基因进行基因克隆,系统进化分析,亚细胞定位及表达模式分析,以期为今后验证甜荞PG基因家族成员调控甜荞花柱异长及作用机理提供理论参考.
Gene Cloning and Expression Analysis of FePG1 in Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
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摘要: 基于前期转录组测序结果,从自交不亲和甜荞乌克兰大粒荞材料中克隆了一个多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(Polygalacturonase PG)编码基因,命名为FePG1;该基因CDS全长1 215 bp,编码404个氨基酸,含有一个PL-6超家族保守结构域,包含一个信号肽,为稳定的疏水性跨膜蛋白. 通过亚细胞定位检测发现FePG1基因主要在细胞膜和细胞质中表达,推测FePG1蛋白为分泌蛋白并可能在甜荞花柱的形态形成上有重要功能. qRT-PCR试验结果表明,FePG1基因在甜荞盛花期的花中高表达,且在短柱花雌雄蕊中高表达,长柱花雌雄蕊中低表达,推测甜荞FePG1基因可能与甜荞花柱异长发育有关.Abstract: A polygalacturonase gene, named as FePG1, has been cloned in the self-incompatible common buckwheat variety 'Ukrainian Daliqiao', based on our former transcriptome analysis result. FePG1, CDS full length 1 215 bp, encodes 404 amino acids, contains a signal peptide, which is a stable hypdrophobicity protein and belongs to PL-6 superfamily protein domain. According to subcellular localization, FePG1 is mainly expressed in cytomembrane and cytoplasm. It is speculated that FePG1 protein is a secretory protein and may play an important role in the style formation of common buckwheat. qRT-PCR showed that FePG1 has high expression in flower of common buckwheat at the full-bloom stage. Especially, it has higher expression in S-morph Flower than L-morph Flower, which speculates that FePG1 might be related to the style development of the self-incompatible common buckwheat.
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Key words:
- common buckwheat /
- FePG1 /
- Gene clone /
- expression analysis .
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