摘要:
以典型生态旅游城市黔江城区大气为研究对象, 采用相关性分析、 主成分分析、 聚类分析和多元统计分析等方法对大气污染物进行研究, 结果表明: 黔江城区主要污染物随季节变化呈明显时空变化特征, PM10,PM2.5,SO2,NO2,O3年平均质量浓度分别为(55±19.4),(28±12.5),(18±8.0),(28±5.8),(22±4.8)μg/m3, 均符合国家二级标准(GB3095-2012). 研究期间气压、 温度、 风速和湿度等重要气象因子对5种大气污染物均产生显著性影响;5种大气污染物之间也存在极显著性或显著性影响. 利用主成分分析和正交旋转方法, 共抽取3个主成分, 累计解释了总因子的38.067%,58.408%,70.148%, 反映了人类生产生活活动、 汽车污染源等排放. 气象因子与大气环境中5种污染物之间具有聚合性, 综合分为2类, 其聚类距离大小为: 第一类PM10,SO2,NO2小于气压, PM2.5最大;第二类O3、 风速小于风向和湿度, 温度最大. 城区大气环境中PM10和PM2.5健康风险值为0.78×10-6~1.64×10-6,0.52×10-6~1.72×10-6, 除夏季外, 其余3个季节均为PM2.5值大于PM10值, 由此表明PM2.5比PM10对人类的健康危害更大.
Abstract:
In this paper, the typical ecotourism city atmosphere as the research object has been studied with the correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and multivariate statistical analysis of the atmospheric pollutants in Qianjiang District.The results show that the main pollutants showed obvious temporal and spatial variation characteristics with the seasonal variation.The annual average of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and O3 are respectively (55±19.4), (28±12.5), (18±8.0), (28±5.8), (22±4.8)μg/m3 in Qianjiang district.Atmospheric pressure, temperature, wind speed and humidity and other important meteorological factors have a significant impact on the five kinds of atmospheric pollutants.Five kinds of atmospheric pollutants also have a very significant or significant impact.Using principal component analysis and orthogonal rotation method, collected a total of 3 principal components, the cumulative total factor explained 38.067%, 58.408%, 70.148%, reflecting the emissions may be due to the human life and production activities, automobile pollution sources.Meteorological factors and atmospheric environment of five kinds of pollutants between the aggregate, is divided into two categories, the first category: PM10, SO2, NO2< air pressure
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