不同覆盖方式对马铃薯晚疫病及产量的影响

何忠雪

doi:10.13718/j.cnki.zwys.2021.05.004

植物医学

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不同覆盖方式对马铃薯晚疫病及产量的影响

何忠雪. 不同覆盖方式对马铃薯晚疫病及产量的影响[J]. 植物医学, 2021, (5): 19-22. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwys.2021.05.004

引用本文:

何忠雪. 不同覆盖方式对马铃薯晚疫病及产量的影响[J]. 植物医学, 2021, (5): 19-22. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwys.2021.05.004

HE Zhongxue. Effects of Different Mulching Methods on Potato Late Blight and Yield[J]. PLANT HEALTH AND MEDICINE, 2021, (5): 19-22. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwys.2021.05.004

Citation:

HE Zhongxue. Effects of Different Mulching Methods on Potato Late Blight and Yield[J]. PLANT HEALTH AND MEDICINE, 2021, (5): 19-22. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.zwys.2021.05.004

不同覆盖方式对马铃薯晚疫病及产量的影响

何忠雪

贵州省黔南州种植业发展中心, 贵州都匀 558000

详细信息

作者简介:
何忠雪,高级农艺师,主要从事于农作物病虫害防控技术推广工作.E-mail:hezx7982@sina.com .

中图分类号: S475⁺.9

Effects of Different Mulching Methods on Potato Late Blight and Yield

HE Zhongxue

Qiannan Prefecture Planting Industry Development Center, Duyun Guizhou 558000, China

摘要: 马铃薯晚疫病是马铃薯最主要的病害之一，对其产量和品质的影响严重制约着贵州马铃薯产业的发展.本研究通过对比不同覆盖方式对马铃薯产量及对晚疫病发生的影响，以明确最佳的覆盖种植方式.研究发现，与露地栽培相比，其他4种覆盖方式均具有促苗效果.试验结果表明，以小拱棚覆盖出苗最早，发病程度最轻，稻草、农用地膜以及液态地膜覆盖的种植方式同样可有效抑制马铃薯晚疫病.此外，4种覆盖种植方式下的马铃薯产量均显著高于露地栽培，其中农用地膜覆盖的马铃薯产量最高，其次为小拱棚、液态地膜和稻草覆盖.小拱棚覆盖种植模式适宜在雨季早的地区推广；稻草还田利用率逐年提高不易收集，不提倡推广；从经济性状、产量、投入成本和操作性综合考虑，农用地膜和液态地膜覆盖栽培可以在贵州省黔南州区域推广.
- 覆盖方式 /
- 马铃薯晚疫病 /
- 产量
Abstract: Potato late blight is one of the most important diseases of potato. Its influence on yield and quality of the crop seriously restricts the development of potato industry in Guizhou province. In this study, the effects of four mulching methods on potato yield and occurrence of late blight were compared. The results showed that compared with open field cultivation, all the four mulching methods had a seedling growth-promoting effect. Seedling emergence was the earliest and disease degree was the least in the treatment of small arch mulching, and the other three mulching methods (straw mulching, agricultural plastic film mulching and liquid film mulching) also inhibited potato late blight effectively. In addition, potato yield under the four mulching methods was significantly higher than that under open field cultivation, and was the highest under agricultural plastic film mulching, followed by small arch mulching, liquid film mulching and straw mulching. In conclusion, the planting mode of small arch mulching should be extended in potato-growing areas with early rainy season, while rice straw is not easy to collect due to ever-increasing utilization rate of rice straw returned to the field and hence is not recommended for mulching. Taking into consideration the economic characters and yield of potato crop and its input cost and operation, the authors recommend agricultural plastic film mulching and liquid film mulching in potato cultivation throughout the prefecture.
- mulching method /
- late blight of potato /
- yield .

[1]	何忠雪, 陆金鹏, 潘化仁, 等. 贵州冬播区马铃薯高产及抗晚疫病品种的筛选[J]. 贵州农业科学, 2012, 40(7):128-129, 132.
[2]	刘冠求, 崔亮, 万博, 等. 马铃薯晚疫病的流行规律与防控措施[J]. 园艺与种苗, 2021, 41(4):89-90.
[3]	丁海滨, 卢扬, 邓禄军. 马铃薯晚疫病发病机理及防治措施[J]. 贵州农业科学, 2006, 34(5):76-81.
[4]	覃勇军, 蒙懿, 覃金鼓. 马铃薯费乌瑞它不同密度对产量影响试验[J]. 耕作与栽培, 2011(2):52, 54.
[5]	中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 农药田间药效试验准则:GB/T 17980.149-2009[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 2010.
[6]	谈孝凤, 金星, 袁洁, 等. 贵州马铃薯主栽品种对晚疫病的田间抗性评价[J]. 种子, 2009, 28(3):45-48.
[7]	叶雅婷. 福建省南安市马铃薯不同栽培方式对比试验总结[J]. 北京农业, 2014(24):30-31.

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不同覆盖方式对马铃薯晚疫病及产量的影响

何忠雪

作者简介: 何忠雪,高级农艺师,主要从事于农作物病虫害防控技术推广工作.E-mail:hezx7982@sina.com
贵州省黔南州种植业发展中心, 贵州都匀 558000

收稿日期: 2021-07-15

关键词:

摘要: 马铃薯晚疫病是马铃薯最主要的病害之一，对其产量和品质的影响严重制约着贵州马铃薯产业的发展.本研究通过对比不同覆盖方式对马铃薯产量及对晚疫病发生的影响，以明确最佳的覆盖种植方式.研究发现，与露地栽培相比，其他4种覆盖方式均具有促苗效果.试验结果表明，以小拱棚覆盖出苗最早，发病程度最轻，稻草、农用地膜以及液态地膜覆盖的种植方式同样可有效抑制马铃薯晚疫病.此外，4种覆盖种植方式下的马铃薯产量均显著高于露地栽培，其中农用地膜覆盖的马铃薯产量最高，其次为小拱棚、液态地膜和稻草覆盖.小拱棚覆盖种植模式适宜在雨季早的地区推广；稻草还田利用率逐年提高不易收集，不提倡推广；从经济性状、产量、投入成本和操作性综合考虑，农用地膜和液态地膜覆盖栽培可以在贵州省黔南州区域推广.

English Abstract

Effects of Different Mulching Methods on Potato Late Blight and Yield

贵州省黔南州种植业发展中心, 贵州都匀 558000

Received Date: 2021-07-15

Keywords:

Abstract: Potato late blight is one of the most important diseases of potato. Its influence on yield and quality of the crop seriously restricts the development of potato industry in Guizhou province. In this study, the effects of four mulching methods on potato yield and occurrence of late blight were compared. The results showed that compared with open field cultivation, all the four mulching methods had a seedling growth-promoting effect. Seedling emergence was the earliest and disease degree was the least in the treatment of small arch mulching, and the other three mulching methods (straw mulching, agricultural plastic film mulching and liquid film mulching) also inhibited potato late blight effectively. In addition, potato yield under the four mulching methods was significantly higher than that under open field cultivation, and was the highest under agricultural plastic film mulching, followed by small arch mulching, liquid film mulching and straw mulching. In conclusion, the planting mode of small arch mulching should be extended in potato-growing areas with early rainy season, while rice straw is not easy to collect due to ever-increasing utilization rate of rice straw returned to the field and hence is not recommended for mulching. Taking into consideration the economic characters and yield of potato crop and its input cost and operation, the authors recommend agricultural plastic film mulching and liquid film mulching in potato cultivation throughout the prefecture.