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1905年人类首次在牛胰腺中发现DNA酶Ⅰ(DNaseⅠ),其生理功能远不止消化水解DNA[1],而且与细胞凋亡、细胞坏死、系统性红斑狼疮、胃肠道肿瘤和心肌梗死等的发生密切相关[2-4]. DNaseⅠ是一种酸性糖蛋白,属二价金属离子(如Ca2+,Mg2+)依赖性核酸酶,对酸性条件敏感,pH值为3.0时,酶活性完全丧失,G肌动蛋白是DNaseⅠ的天然抑制剂,抗凝剂EDTA可抑制酶活性[5].在临床上,DNaseⅠ是亲子鉴定及犯罪学鉴定的良好标志物,血清DNaseⅠ活性增高可作为一种新的高敏感性的急性心肌缺血标志物,酶表型分析可用于预测疾病的易感性[1].
在研究性实验室中,DNaseⅠ也有着广泛的应用,如除去蛋白质和核酸样品中的DNA,RT-PCR前除去基因组DNA,转录反应后DNA模板的降解,除去RNA样品中污染的基因组DNA,切口平移法进行放射性标记时在双链DNA上产生随机切口等[6-7].直接从牛胰腺组织中分离提取DNaseⅠ因操作复杂,耗时长,在提取过程中活性容易丧失,且其为动物源性产品,不能完全去除RNase,不适合大规模制备. 1990年,Worroll等通过人工合成法合成该基因并在大肠杆菌中表达,但由于当时基因合成及表达方法落后,导致蛋白表达量少且纯化后的蛋白基本没有活性[8]. 1997年,Chen等通过提取RNA,进而合成cDNA和DNaseⅠ基因,并转入大肠杆菌中表达,表达量也不高[9].本研究从NCBI下载牛胰腺DNaseⅠ蛋白序列,利用密码子优化软件进行序列优化,设计并合成24条首尾重叠的引物合成786 bp的DNaseⅠ基因,将合成的DNaseⅠ基因连接到表达载体pET-30a上,转入Top10感受态中,菌落PCR检测并测序显示载体构建成功后,将pET30a-DNase Ⅰ转入BL21(DE3),ArcticExpress(DE3),BL21(DE3)pLysS表达菌株中,经IPTG诱导表达.收集菌体采用亲和层析纯化DNaseⅠ目的蛋白,通过切割λDNA和质粒DNA验证其活性.
Synthesis, Expression and Function Identification of Bovine Pancreatic Gene DNaseⅠ
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摘要: 从NCBI下载牛胰腺DNaseⅠ蛋白序列,利用密码子优化软件(Codon Optimization)进行序列优化,设计并合成24条首尾重叠的引物合成786 bp的DNaseⅠ基因,构建重组载体pET30a-DNaseⅠ,转入BL21(DE3),ArcticExpress(DE3),BL21(DE3)pLysS 3种感受态中诱导表达后,纯化目的蛋白并验证其活性.结果表明:BL21(DE3),ArcticExpress(DE3)两种感受态菌落生长异常,且未纯化到目的蛋白,BL21(DE3)pLysS感受态菌落生长正常,但未经诱导和葡萄糖诱导表达的菌液中也未纯化到目的蛋白,IPTG诱导扩大培养的菌液中纯化到0.15 mg/mL的目的蛋白.经验证,酶原液能彻底消化λ-DNA和不同大小的质粒DNA,酶稀释液消化产物电泳检测显示条带拖尾弥散,表明酶稀释液只能消化部分λ-DNA.Abstract: Deoxyribonulease I (DNaseⅠ) sequence from bovine pancreas, 786 bp in size, acquired from NCBI and optimized by Codon Optimization, was synthesized, using SOE PCR(gene splicing by overlap extension PCR)with 24 overlapped primers. The recombinant expression vector pET30a-DNaseⅠ was successfully constituted, and was transformed into the competent cells of E. coli, BL21 (DE3), ArcticExpress(DE3) and BL21(DE3) pLysS. Then, DNaseⅠwas purified and its activity was detected. The results showed that the colonies in BL21(DE3) and ArcticExpress(DE3) did not grow properly and no target protein was gained. The colony in BL21(DE3) pLysS induced by glucose or without induction grew normally, but no purified target protein was obtained. In amplification culture of BL21(DE3) pLysS induced by IPTG, 0. 15 mg/mL DNaseⅠwas purified. DNaseⅠactivity detection indicated that the raw liquid of the enzyme could completely dissolveλ-DNA and plasmid DNA of various sizes, while its diluted liquid partially dissolvedλ-DNA only.
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Key words:
- DNaseⅠ /
- gene synthesis /
- gene expression /
- gene function identification .
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表 1 PCR体系和PCR程序
PCR体系 PCR程序 试剂 体积/μL 步骤 温度/℃ 时间 第一轮PCR 5× pfu Buffer 10 1.预变性 95 3 min 引物混液 10 2.变性 95 15 s dNTP 1 3.退火 58 15 s pfu酶 0.5 4.延伸 72 15 s ddH2O Up to 50 5.循环(重复步骤2-4) - 25次 6.最后延伸 72 1 min 第二轮PCR 5× pfu Buffer 20 1.预变性 95 3 min 第一轮PCR产物 2 2.变性 95 15 s 第一条和最后一条引物 各1 3.退火 58 15 s dNTP 1 4.延伸 72 30 s pfu酶 1 5.循环(重复步骤2-4) - 25次 ddH2O Up to 100 6.最后延伸 72 3 min 表 2 引物序列
引物名字 序列 长度/bp DNaseⅠ-1 TTTTGTTTAACTTTAAGAAGGAGATATAATGCTGAAAATCGCAGCCTTTAAC 52 DNaseⅠ-2 TGCTCATTTTGGTCTCGCCAAAGGTGCGGATGTTAAAGGCTGCGATTTTCAG 52 DNaseⅠ-3 GCGAGACCAAAATGAGCAACGCCACCCTGGCCAGCTATATTGTGCGCATCGTT 53 DNaseⅠ-4 CTTCTTGAATCAGCACAATATCGTAGCGGCGAACGATGCGCACAATATAGC 51 DNaseⅠ-5 CGATATTGTGCTGATTCAAGAAGTTCGCGATAGCCATCTGGTGGCAGTTGGCA 53 DNaseⅠ-6 GTGTTCGGGTCGTCCTGATTCAGGTAATCCAGCAGCTTGCCAACTGCCACCAG 53 DNaseⅠ-7 CAGGACGACCCGAACACCTACCATTATGTGGTGAGCGAACCGCTGGGCCGCAACA 55 DNaseⅠ-8 GTTCGGGCGAAACAGGAACAGATAGCGCTCCTTGTAGCTGTTGCGGCCCAGC 52 DNaseⅠ-9 CCTGTTTCGCCCGAACAAGGTGAGCGTTCTGGATACCTACCAGTACGATGATGGC 55 DNaseⅠ-10 GCGGCTAAAGCTGTCGTTGCCGCAGCTCTCGCAGCCATCATCGTACTGGTAGGT 54 DNaseⅠ-11 AACGACAGCTTTAGCCGCGAACCGGCAGTGGTTAAGTTCAGCAGCCATAGCA 52 DNaseⅠ-12 GGGCCACAATGGCAAACTCCTTCACCTTGGTGCTATGGCTGCTGAACTTAA 51 DNaseⅠ-13 TTGCCATTGTGGCCCTGCATAGTGCACCGAGCGATGCCGTTGCCGAGATCAATAG 55 DNaseⅠ-14 TCTGCTGCACATCCAGGTACACATCATATAAGCTATTGATCTCGGCAACGG 51 DNaseⅠ-15 ACCTGGATGTGCAGCAGAAGTGGCACCTGAACGACGTGATGCTGATGGGTGACTT 55 DNaseⅠ-16 CTACTGGTCACGTAGCTGCAGTCGGCATTAAAGTCACCCATCAGCATCAC 50 DNaseⅠ-17 CTGCAGCTACGTGACCAGTAGCCAGTGGAGCAGCATTCGCCTGCGTACCAGC 52 DNaseⅠ-18 GTGTCTGCGCTGTCCGGAATCAGCCACTGAAAGGTGCTGCTGGTACGCAGGCG 53 DNaseⅠ-19 CGGACAGCGCAGACACCACCGCAACCAGCACCAATTGCGCATACGACCGTATCG 54 DNaseⅠ-20 GGCACCACACTGCTCTGCAGCAGGCTACCTGCCACAACGATACGGTCGTATGCGC 55 DNaseⅠ-21 CAGAGCAGTGTGGTGCCGGGTAGTGCCGCACCGTTTGATTTTCAGGCCGCATACG 55 DNaseⅠ-22 TGATCGCTGATGGCCAGGGCCATTTCATTGCTCAGACCGTATGCGGCCTGAAAAT 55 DNaseⅠ-23 TGGCCATCAGCGATCACTATCCTGTGGAGGTTACCCTGACCCACCATCATCATCA 55 DNaseⅠ-24 TATCAGCCATGGCCTTGTCGTCGTCGTCTTAATGATGATGATGATGGTGGGTCAG 55 -
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