Message Board

Dear readers, authors and reviewers,you can add a message on this page. We will reply to you as soon as possible!

2020 Volume 42 Issue 2
Article Contents

Xiao-rui YANG, Hui-ying QIANG, Ren-hua NA, et al. Szeged Index and Revised Szeged Index of Two Types of Special Graphs[J]. Journal of Southwest University Natural Science Edition, 2020, 42(2): 29-35. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.xdzk.2020.02.005
Citation: Xiao-rui YANG, Hui-ying QIANG, Ren-hua NA, et al. Szeged Index and Revised Szeged Index of Two Types of Special Graphs[J]. Journal of Southwest University Natural Science Edition, 2020, 42(2): 29-35. doi: 10.13718/j.cnki.xdzk.2020.02.005

Szeged Index and Revised Szeged Index of Two Types of Special Graphs

More Information
  • Received Date: 31/08/2018
    Available Online: 20/02/2020
  • MSC: O157.5

  • The Szeged index and revised Szeged index of two kinds of operational graphs are obtained by analyzing the structures of the join graph and corona graph. Using these conclusions, the Szeged index and the revised Szeged index of the star graph, wheel graph, complete graph and complete bipartite graph can be computed.
  • 加载中
  • [1] WIENER H. Structural Determination of Paraffin Boiling Points[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1947, 69(1):17-20. doi: 10.1021/ja01193a005

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    [2] CHEN L, LI X L, LIU M M. The (Revised) Szeged Index and the Wiener Index of a Nonbipartite Graph[J]. European Journal of Combinatorics, 2014, 36:237-246. doi: 10.1016/j.ejc.2013.07.019

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    [3] GUTMAN I, YEH Y N, LEE S L, et al. Some Recent Results in the Theory of the Wiener Number[J]. Indian Journal of Chemistry, 1993, 32(A):651-661.

    Google Scholar

    [4] GUTMAN I, POLANSKY O E. Mathematical Concepts in Organic Chemistry[M]. New-York:Springer-Verlag, 1986.

    Google Scholar

    [5] GUTMAN I. A Formula for the Wiener Number of Trees and Its Extension to Graphs Containing Cycles[J]. Graph Theory Notes of New York, 1994, 27:9-15.

    Google Scholar

    [6] RANDIĆ M. On Generalization of Wiener Index for Cyclic Structures[J]. Acta Chimica Slovenica, 2008, 49(3):483-496.

    Google Scholar

    [7] JI S J, LIU M M, WU J L. A Lower Bound of Revised Szeged Index of Bicyclic Graphs[J]. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2018, 316:480-487. doi: 10.1016/j.amc.2017.08.051

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    [8] LI X L, LIU M M. Bicyclic Graphs with Maximal Revised Szeged Index[J]. Discrete Applied Mathematics, 2013, 161(16-17):2527-2531. doi: 10.1016/j.dam.2013.04.002

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    [9] GUTMAN I, TRINAJSTIĆ N. Graph Theory and Molecular Orbitals. Total Φ-Electron Energy of Alternant Hydrocarbons[J]. Chem Phys Lett, 1972, 17(4):535-538. doi: 10.1016/0009-2614(72)85099-1

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    [10] LI X L, ZHENG J. A Unified Approach to the Extremal Trees for Different Indices[J]. Match Communications in Mathematical & in Computer Chemistry, 2005, 54(1):195-208.

    Google Scholar

    [11] TODESCHINI R, CONSONNI V. Handbook of Molecular Descriptors[M]. Weinheim, Germany:Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2000.

    Google Scholar

    [12] LIU M H, LIU B L. Some Properties of the First General Zagreb Index[J]. Australas J Combin, 2010, 47:285-294.

    Google Scholar

    [13] BONDY J A, MURTY U S R. Graph Theory with Applications[M]. London:Macmillan Education UK, 1976.

    Google Scholar

    [14] KLAVŽAR S, RAJAPAKSE A, GUTMAN I. The Szeged and the Wiener Index of Graphs[J]. Applied Mathematics Letters, 1996, 9(5):45-49. doi: 10.1016/0893-9659(96)00071-7

    CrossRef Google Scholar

    [15] NAGARAJAN S, PATTABIRAMAN K, CHENDRASEKHARAN M. Revised Szeged Index of Product Graphs[J]. General Mathematics Notes, 2014, 23(2):71-78.

    Google Scholar

    [16] 高炜, 梁立, 徐天伟.树状纳米星的修改的Szeged指数[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 38(11):95-99.

    Google Scholar

  • 加载中
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Article Metrics

Article views(2376) PDF downloads(123) Cited by(0)

Access History

Other Articles By Authors

Szeged Index and Revised Szeged Index of Two Types of Special Graphs

Abstract: The Szeged index and revised Szeged index of two kinds of operational graphs are obtained by analyzing the structures of the join graph and corona graph. Using these conclusions, the Szeged index and the revised Szeged index of the star graph, wheel graph, complete graph and complete bipartite graph can be computed.

  • 本文考虑的所有图均为有限简单图.令G表示顶点集为V(G),边集为E(G)的连通图.对于uvV(G),令dG(uv)表示在图Guv之间的距离.一个连通图G的Wiener指标W(G)是指G中所有顶点对的距离之和,即

    Wiener指标是著名化学家H. Wiener在1947年研究烷烃化合物的沸点时提出来的[1].自那之后,Wiener指标被用来解释分子的各种物理化学性质以及与分子结构相关的生物活性.因此,Wiener指标得到了许多数学家和化学家的关注和研究[2-3].

    对于e=uvE(G),定义如下的集合:

    对于e,{Nu(e|G),Nv(e|G),N0(e|G)}是图G的顶点集的划分.令集合Nu(e|G),Nv(e|G),N0(e|G)所包含元素的个数分别为nu(e|G),nv(e|G),n0(e|G),显然有

    其中n是图G的顶点数.如果G是二部图,则对∀eE(G),有n0(e|G)=0,即

    当图是一棵树T时,Wiener指标的另一种广泛应用的形式为[4]

    基于上述结论,Gutman引入了一个一般图的不变量,并命名为Szeged指标Sz(G)[5]

    Randić观察到Szeged指标没有考虑到一条边上两个端点距离相等的点,因此他提出了修正Szeged指标的概念[6].图的修正Szeged指标定义为

    关于Szeged指标和修正Szeged指标的性质及应用可以参见文献[7-8].

    dG(v)表示在图Gv点的度.为了检测分子的能量,著名数学家、化学家Gutman和Trinájstic在1972年提出第一、第二Zagreb指标的概念[9].图G的第二Zagreb指标M2(G)定义为

    文献[10]引入了第一广义Zagreb指标的概念

    其中α为除0和1之外的任意实数.有关Zagreb指标的性质和发展的相关研究,可参考文献[11-12].其它用到的相关定义可参考文献[13].

    G和图H的联图GH是一个简单图,其中

    G和图H的冠图G$ \circ $H是复制1个G和|V(G)|个H,将G中第i个点和第iH中的每个点相连接所得的图,其中1≤i≤|V(G)|.文献[14]给出了笛卡尔积图的Szeged指标.文献[15]得到了笛卡尔积图的修正Szeged指标.有关其它特殊图的研究可参考文献[16].本文得到了联图和冠图的Szeged指标以及修正Szeged指标.运用此结论,可计算出一些特殊图如星图、轮图、完全图和完全二部图的Szeged指标和修正Szeged指标.

    引理1   $\sum\limits_{e = uv \in E\left( G \right)} $(dG2(u)+dG2(v))=M13(G).

      对∀e=uvE(G),dG2(u)与dG2(v)均要进行一次求和.换句话说,对∀uV(G),需对dG2(u)进行dG(u)次求和.也就是说对∀uV(G),对dG3(u)进行求和即可得到所求的量.

    te(G)表示G中包含边e的三角形的个数,有如下的定理:

    定理1  设G是阶数为n1,边数为m1的图;H是阶数为n2,边数为m2的图.则

    其中

      根据联图的定义,可将GH的边集分为3个部分:E(G),E(H),E={uvuV(G),vV(H)}.

    步骤1  对∀e=uvE(G),由于H中的任何顶点与uv两点均相邻,故对∀wV(H),有dGH(wu)=dGH(wv)=1.由联图的定义可知,对∀sV(G),若dG(su)≥2且dG(sv)≥2,则

    因此

    结合引理1,容易得到

    步骤2  由联图的定义知GH=HG,与步骤1讨论类似,有

    步骤3  任取e=uvE={uvuV(G),vV(H)}.对∀sV(G),有dGH(sv)≤dGH(su).而对∀tV(H),若dH(tv)≥2,则

    因此

    结合引理1,容易得到

    综上所述,分别联立(1)(3)(5)式与(2)(4)(6)式,可得

    推论1  令图G的阶数为n1,边数为m1,且不含三角形;图H的阶数为n2,边数为m2,且不含三角形.则

    例1  运用联图的定义可以发现Sn=K1$\overline {{K_n}_{ - 1}} $Kmn= $\overline {{K_m}} $$\overline {{K_n}} $Wn=K1Cn-1,还有K4=K2K2.这些特殊图的Szeged指标和修正Szeged指标为

    定理2   设G是阶数为n1,边数为m1的连通图;H是阶数为n2,边数为m2的图.则

    其中

      根据冠图的定义,可将GH的边集分为3个部分:E(G),E(Hi),E={uivijuiV(G),vijV(Hi)},其中HiH的复制(i=1,2,…,n1j=1,2,…,n2).接下来将对E(G),E(Hi),E这3个部分里的边进行讨论.

    步骤1  对∀e=uvE(G),由于与u对应的H(记作Hu)的所有顶点均与u相邻,且与G中其它顶点均不相邻,故对∀wV(Hu),均有dGH(wu)=1<dGH(wv)=2.类似地,此结论对Hv也成立.此外,对∀sV(G),若dG(su)<dG(sv),则有dGH(su)<dGH(sv)成立.进一步可得到:对∀tV(Hs),一定有dGH(tu)<dGH(tv)成立.则

    因此

    步骤2  任取e=uvE(Hi)(i=1,2,…,n1),首先对Hi所对应的G中的顶点ui,有dGH(uiu)=dGH(uiv)=1.因此根据冠图的定义知:对∀wV(Hi),有dGH(wu)=dGH(wv).其次,对∀sV(Hi),当dHi(su)≥2且dHi(su)≥2时,有

    因此

    步骤3  任取e=uivijE={uivijuiV(G),vijV(Hi);i=1,2,…,n1j=1,2,…,n2},通过之前的讨论,对∀wV(Hi),有dGH(wui)<dGH(wvij).对∀sV(Hi),若dHi(svij)≥2,则dGH(sui)<dGH(svij).而对∀sV(Hi),若dHi(svij)=1,则dGH(svij)=dGH(sui)=1.则

    因此

    综上所述,分别联立(7)(9)(11)式与(8)(10)(12)式,可得

    推论2  令连通图G的阶数为n1,边数为m1;图H的阶数为n2,边数为m2,且不含三角形.则

    例2  运用冠图的定义可以发现Sn=K1$\overline {{K_{n - 1}}} $Wn=K1Cn-1.这些特殊图的Szeged指标和修正Szeged指标为

Reference (16)

Catalog

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return