论道义逻辑系统的归约及其相关问题
On the Reduction of Deontic Logic and the Interrelated Problems
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摘要: 安德森认为依靠归约公式Op□(～p→S)能把道义逻辑归约为真值模态逻辑。但是，安德森的这种做法是不妥的。所有标准系统都不能把“帮助一名被抢劫者是应当的，并且禁止抢劫”这个命题形式化为系统的定理。善良的撒玛利亚人悖论属于这样一类悖论：一公式A为某一形式系统的定理，但A的一个代入实例却是不可接受的。Abstract: Anderson holds that deontic logic can be reduced to alethic modal logic by the reduction formula Op(口(～p?S).But his opinion is unsound. All standard systems can not include the formalization as their theorem of 'It ought to help a man who is robbed and robbery is forbidden'. The good Samaritan paradox belongs to the class of paradoxes that result from the fact that a formula A is a theorem of a formal system, but a actual example of A should be ejected.
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Key words:
- deontic logic .
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