Effect of Enclosure Cultivation Technology on the Growth and Disease Resistance of Tobacco
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摘要: 为明确围蔸培土技术对烟草生长和抗性的影响及最佳围兜培土时间，在重庆市奉节县烟草基地开展田间小区试验，调查了不同时间进行围蔸培土处理对烟株生长以及抗病性的影响.结果表明，围蔸培土处理可促进根长、株高、叶长、叶宽和茎围的生长，增加鲜质量、干质量、有效叶片数、侧根数、总产量和产值，并且该技术处理后能增强烟株抗病性，降低烟草病毒病、赤星病和野火病的病情指数.其中，不同时间进行围蔸培土处理的效果存在差异.当在移栽后15 d围蔸培土时，促生效果最明显，产量和产值较不围蔸处理每667 m2增加24.39 kg和343.26元，不围蔸培土处理以及移栽后35 d围蔸培土处理比较，差异存在统计学意义；当在栽后15 d围蔸培土时，烟株病情指数降低最显著.综合研究结果，建议今后生产上推广围蔸培土技术时以移栽后15~25 d处理为宜.Abstract: In order to clarify the effect of the soil surrounding technique on the growth and resistance of tobacco and the best time for cultivating the soil, a field experiment was carried out in the tobacco base of Fengjie county in Chongqing. The effects of the surfacing at different times on the growth and disease resistance of tobacco plants were investigated. The results showed that the enclosure cultivation treatment could promote the growth in root length, plant height, leaf length, leaf width and stem circumference, and increase the fresh weight, dry weight, number of effective leaves, number of lateral roots, total yield and output value. It can enhance the disease resistance of tobacco plants and reduce the disease index of tobacco virus disease, scab disease and wildfire disease. There were differences on the effects among the treatments of surrounding soil at different times. When cultivating soil around 15 d after transplanting, the effect of promoting growth was the most obvious, the yield and output value increased by 24.39 kg/667 m2 and 343.26 RMB/667 m2 compared with the treatment without soil surrounding. There was a significant difference between without soil surrounding and soil surrounding at 35 d after transplanting. When plants were surrounded with soil at 15 d after transplanting, the disease index of tobacco plants decreased most significantly. Based on the research results, it is suggested that 15~25 d after transplanting should be the time used to promote the technology of cultivating soil in production in the future.
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