Relationship Between Subjective Socio-economic Status and Adolescents' Resilience: Mediating Role of Belief in a Just World
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摘要: 为了探究青少年的主观社会经济地位、公正世界信念与心理韧性的关系,本研究采用整群抽样法选取了重庆市初一至高二年级的6 442名学生进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)初中生的主观社会经济地位与自我公正世界信念显著高于高中生;(2)青少年主观社会经济地位、心理韧性与公正世界信念之间均存显著正相关,青少年主观社会经济地位能够显著预测其公正世界信念和心理韧性,同时青少年的公正世界信念也能显著预测其心理韧性;(3)公正世界信念能在青少年主观社会经济地位与心理韧性的关系中起部分中介作用。Abstract: In order to investigate the relationship among adolescents' subjective socio-economic status, belief in a just world and resilience in China, This research investigated 6442 high school students in Chongqing ranging from grade seven to grade eleven with the method of questionnaire. The results are as follows. First, in terms of theAdolescent Students' Subjective Social Status Scale and Personal Belief in a Just World Scale, junior high school students' score is significantly higher than senior high school students'. Second, adolescents' subjective socio-economic status could significantly positively predict their belief in a just world and their resilience, and adolescents' belief in a just world could also significantly positively predict their resilience. Third, adolescents' belief in a just world not only significantly affects their resilience, but also plays a partial intermediary role between adolescents' subjective socio-economic status and their resilience.
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表 1 不同性别和学段青少年主观社会经济地位、公正世界信念和自我韧性的差异比较
男生(n=3 475) 女生(n=2 967) t Cohen'd 初中(n=2 204) 高中(n=4 238) t Cohen'd 主观社会经济地位 5.606(1.549) 5.664(1.527) -1.492 -0.037 5.843(1.575) 5.524(1.508) 7.924** 0.198 自我公正世界信念 3.888(1.005) 3.918(1.018) -1.190 -0.030 3.966(1.037) 3.868(0.995) 3.708** 0.093 他人公正世界信念 3.867(1.103) 3.899(1.090) -1.148 -0.029 3.944(1.111) 3.849(1.089) 3.285** 0.082 自我韧性总分 4.805(1.097) 4.817(1.095) -0.459 -0.012 4.926(1.088) 4.750(1.096) 6.152*** 0.154 最优调节 4.812(1.114) 4.829(1.114) -0.601 -0.015 4.906(1.121) 4.775(1.108) 4.468*** 0.113 开放的生活经验 4.793(1.343) 4.799(1.345) -0.188 -0.005 4.956(1.367) 4.712(1.324) 6.870*** 0.172 注:*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,以下同 表 2 青少年主观社会经济地位、公正世界信念与心理韧性的相关分析
均值 标准差 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1.主观社会经济地位 5.633 1.539 1 2.他人公正世界信念 3.882 1.097 0.228** 1 3.自我公正世界信念 3.901 1.011 0.280** 0.744** 1 4.自我韧性 4.810 1.096 0.289** 0.531** 0.530** 1 5.最优调节 4.820 1.114 0.299** 0.581** 0.581** 0.928** 1 6.开放的生活经验 4.796 1.344 0.218** 0.362** 0.359** 0.886** 0.649** 1 表 3 主观社会经济地位对公正世界信念与自我韧性的预测作用(N=6 442)
因变量 自变量 R R2 ΔR2 F值 β t值 自我公正世界信念 0.280 0.078 0.078 547.449*** 0.280 23.398*** 他人公正世界信念 主观社会经济地位 0.228 0.052 0.052 354.549*** 0.228 18.829*** 自我韧性 0.289 0.084 0.083 587.336*** 0.206 24.235*** 表 4 公正世界信念对自我韧性的预测作用(N=6 442)
因变量 自变量 R R2 ΔR F值 β t值 1自我公正世界信念 0.530 0.281 0.281 2 519.230*** 0.530 50.192*** 自我韧性 2他人公正世界信念 0.531 0.282 0.282 2 534.603*** 0.531 50.345*** -
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